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Non
Formal Education |
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Education
is one of the most important aspect of India's
social and economic development. Higher
levels of literacy lead to greater economic
output, employment and better health. More
specifically, the impact of educating girls
and women has shown rapid improvements in
family planning, nutrition, health, and
income and is seen as one of the best tools
for promoting social and economic development.
The 1986 National Policy on Education (NPE)
first emphasized
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universalization of elementary education
(UEE) as a national priority. Yet, despite
a huge expansion in India’s formal
education system in the last few decades,
there are still roughly 50-60 million children
out of school in the age group 6-14 years,
or nearly 25 percent of total child population
in the elementary age group in rural areas
of Indian States.
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The
key challenges are:
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Access:
The reasons for children being
out-of-school are to do with lack of physical
access as well as social access. In several
parts of the country, specially in small,
remote habitations, children still do not
have access to schooling facilities and
thus remain out of school. Seasonal migration
of families in search of work for several
months every year is another reason which
deprives children the chance to go to school.
In addition, a sizeable proportion of children
live in villages and habitations where formal
schools exist, but due to social reasons
such as caste and gender they are either
not allowed to go to school, or not given
the proper treatment in school. Retention:
This is an issue of serious concern. According
to statistics 53% of children drop out of
school before completing the elementary
level, or grade VIII. This high drop out
is due to poor functioning of schools, for
example, dilapidated school buildings, overcrowded
classrooms, irregular attendance of teachers
and children, lack of teaching learning
materials, ineffective teaching, unintelligible
language used by the teachers and the discriminatory
attitude of teachers towards children of
the marginalized sections of society.
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